Teacher & Student Materials > Powering a Warming Planet

1.4 What are the problems with fossil fuels?

Lesson Overview

Guiding question:

What are the problems with fossil fuels? 

135 minutes

Purpose:

Students will learn the problems brought by fossil fuels, including climate change, depletion of fossil fuels, health hazards, and pollution caused by transferring fuels.

Overview:

This lesson starts with students reviewing global energy consumption by source and temperature rise caused by CO2 emission. Students will participate in a lab experiment to explore the impact of acid rain. Students will use a matrix to evaluate online courses.

Design Principles:

  • Science investigation
  • Localizing the issue

Background Knowledge:

PH, acid, and base. 

Common Misconceptions:

NA

Safety:

Remind students that the beakers are glass. If they drop or break the beaker, they should immediately report to the teacher.

Unit Connections:

NA

Teacher

  • Teacher slides 1.4 What are the problems with fossil fuels?

Student

Acid rain lab materials: PH test strips and scale

  • Water (1/2 cup per group)
  • Carbonated water (1/2 cup per group)
  • 100ml beaker (4 per group)
  • Egg shells (2 medium size pieces per group)
  • Thin green leaves (e.g., basil leaves; 2 per group)
  • Any paper that can be used to label the beakers

Instructional Sequence

Materials: Teacher slides 1.4 What are the problems with fossil fuels?

Discuss the central problem of fossil fuels (Slides 2-5)

Review the pie chart “Global energy consumption by source in 2020”, the top three energy sources nowadays are oil, gas, and coal (slide 2).

 

Ask students to brainstorm: what are the problems with fossil fuels? (slide 3)

  
The central problem is the CO2 emitted by burning fossil fuels. Because the major component of fossil fuels is carbon. When we burn fossil fuels, carbon reacts with oxygen and creates carbon dioxide (Slide 4).

Another issue is the depletion of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels take millions of years to form. Once they are used, they are consumed (slide 5).

Health hazards: Great Smog of London (Slides 6-11)

Students watch the video about the Great Smog of London (slides 6-7) and pay attention to the questions: 

  • What was the cause of the Great Smog of London?
  • What were the pollutants that caused respiratory diseases?
    Answers: soot, smoke, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide (slide 8)

Use the slides, you explain the formation of acid rain (slide 9)

Explain that acid rain does not have to be “rain”. It could be any precipitation that is acidic, such as snow. Explain that the PH of acid rain is between 4 to 5 or even lower. How damaging acid rain can be? Let’s do an experiment. (slide 10)

Discourse opportunities:

classroom discussion.

Student lab: How damaging is acid rain ?(Slides 12-17)

Lab procedures:

  • Students work in pairs.
  • First, test the PH of water and carbonated water. The PH of carbonated water should be between 4 to 5, about the same PH as acid rain.
  • Use 2×2 experimental design, add water in two beakers and carbonated water in the other two beakers. Egg shells are placed in a beaker with water and a beaker with carbonated water. Do the same to the green leaves. Remember to label the beakers with water or carbonated water.
  • Place the beakers aside. Students will observe tomorrow.


The next day

Start the lesson with students observing and comparing the egg shells and green leaves placed in the water and carbonated water. Compare the color of the leaves and the hardness of egg shells.

Remind students that Carbon Monoxide (CO) is another pollutant created by burning coal. Use slides 13 to 17 to explain 

  • What CO is (slide 13), 
  • How CO is produced (slide 14), 
  • Why CO is poisoning (slide 15)
  • Symptoms of CO poisoning (slide 16)
  • How to prevent CO poisoning(slide 17)

On slide 12, we recommend stopping here for today’s class and have students observe the result the next day. Also, this is a place to explain 2×2 experimental design to your students.

DP: Science investigation

Discourse opportunities:

classroom discussion.

Explore pollution caused by coal use in NC (slide 18-20)

Introduce students and watch a video of “Coal ash in North Carolina”.(slide 18-19)

 

Explain that transferring and storing fuel may also result in pollution(slide 20).

DP: Localization of the issue. Contextualize the fossil fuel as coal ash in North Carolina. students will be able to see the connection between the issue with their everyday lives.

Information for Planning & Teaching

  • Background Knowledge
  • Lesson Timing
  • Student ideas & Experiences
  • Science Practices
  • Teaching Cases

Background Knowledge:

NA

Lesson Timing

NA

Student ideas & Experiences

NA

Science Practices

NA

Teaching Cases

NA